| chomp | removes trailing newlines and returns the number of characters removed |
chop | removes and returns the last character from a string |
| chr | converts ASCII or Unicode values into their equivalent characters |
| crypt | allows you to store passwords or other sensitive data using ASCII characters as encrypted strings |
| defined | allows you to check-up whether a function or o variable is defined or not |
| grep | is used to filter a list and to return only those elements that match a certain criteria |
| hex | converts a hex string into the numerical corresponding value |
| index | returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in a string |
| join | is used to concatenate the elements of an array or a list into a string, using a separator given by a scalar variable |
| lc | converts all the characters of a string in lowercases and returns the new string |
| lcfirst | converts the first character of a string in lowercase and returns the new string |
| length | returns the number of characters in a string |
| map | takes a list and evaluates an expression or block on each element of the list; it returns a list with the results |
| oct | converts an octal string into the numerical corresponding value |
| ord | converts a character to its ASCII or Unicode numeric value |
| pack | converts a list of values into a template string, enabling you to write data in a format that would be compatible with other program languages such as C; practically, it packs the list of values into a binary structure that will be returned as a string |
| pop | removes and returns the last element of an array; the size of the array decreases by 1 |
| push | is used to append a list onto the end of an array |
| qw | uses whitespace separator to split an expression passed to it into a list of elements and returns that list |
| reverse | in a scalar context, it concatenates the elements of a list in a string and returns the string with all the characters in an opposite order; in a list context, it returns the list in the reversed order |
| rindex | returns the position of the last occurrence of a substring in a string |
| scalar | enables you to evaluate an expression in a scalar context and returns the value of that expression |
| shift | removes and returns the first element of an array, shortening the dimension of the array with 1 |
| splice | is used to remove, replace or add elements from or to an array |
| split | allows you to break up a string into an array or a list, by using a specific pattern |
| substr | extracts a substring from a string and returns it |
| uc | converts all the characters of a string in uppercases and returns the new string |
| undef | returns an undefined value, freeing up the memory used by the variable arguments passed to it |
| unshift | inserts a list at the beginning of an array and returns the total number of elements of the array |
